Paraphrasing the Key Terms

First Section

Affirmative Action- An effort to have the marginalized and minority groups like women to have positions of leadership, education, and other sectors

Authority-Form of power over a certain group of people 

Capitalism- Form of economic system in which the private sector is the major contributor to production and has a basis of profit accumulation 

Charismatic Authority- The initiative by a leader to express personal and emotional characteristics to the people he/she leads to ensure effective governance. 

Color Blind Racism- The lack of recognition of any color of the skin and acting as if it does not matter

Communism- A form of economic system in which all the property belongs to the community without divisions 

Deindustrialization- A method of stopping investments that leads to production of goods and services

Democracy- Form of government in which the citizens have the final say in matters of the nation

Dictatorship- Form of government where one person is above the law and does what he/she pleases

Downsizing- A method of reducing employees in a wider scheme of limiting industrialization 

 Economic system-A form of control that governs the production of goods and services, their distribution, and consumption

Elite Model- A small group of people with political and economic interest who appear to control the larger population

Force- A way of subjecting others to what someone wishes regardless of their ideals  

Industrial Society- The reliance on industries as the main source of goods and services

Influence- A method of governance that entails wooing others to follow certain ideologies

Informal Economy- The engagement in trade without direct involvement of the government

 Laissez-faire-A method of capitalism in which the government has limited involvement, hence encouraging free competition

Microfinancing- Helping the poor to generate income by lending them small amounts of money

Monarchy- Government headed by hereditary kings, queens or members of the royal family

Monopoly- Market dominance by one enterprise thereby having ultimate control 

 Offshoring- Sourcing for service delivery from people of foreign nations

Oligarchy- A government headed by few persons without participation of others  

Peace- Condition of absence of war that encourage free interaction between communities and nations  

Pluralist Model – The ability of different groups in the community to access government services freely without favoritism 

Political system- A form of control over the society having a basis on agreed procedures to achieve the set goals  

Politics- The activities linked to governance and involved conflicts among individuals and parties to get power 

Power- The ability to govern others by expressing authority over them

Power Elite- The people who control the affairs of the United States represented by the military, industrial, and the government leaders

Precarious work- Work that has poor wages and usually insecure as well as lacking protection 

Rational-legal Authority- Application of law to govern rightly to a given group of people

Representative Democracy- A government that has representatives of the people  

Socialism- Form of economic system in which ownership of its main drive factors is collective

Sovereignty Movement- The push by the Hawaii people to have self-governance and return of their ancestral lands

Terrorism- Act of threatening people and causing violence for certain reasons 

Totalitarianism- Government involvement in all aspects of the society including political interests   

Traditional authority- The use of cultural customs and practices in exercising power

War- The absence of peace leading to conflict whose result is rising against one another 

Second Section

Brain Drain- Act of leaving one’s country and going to other industrialized nations for work regardless of high demand in home country 

Climatic change- Atmospheric changes in a region observed and recorded over a long period

Curanderismo- Form of traditional medicine of the Latin used for diverse purposes

Ecological Modernization- The adaptation of the environment to the economic interests through a set of practices  

Environmental Justice- Form of legal strategy explaining the likelihood of the underprivileged being subject to environmental hazards  

Environmental Refugee- A displaced person due to the changes in the environment 

 Global warming- A rise in temperatures due to increased emission of carbon dioxide leading to greenhouse effect 

Health- A state of well-being; physically, mentally, and socially 

Holistic Medicine- A form of treatment that checks on physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual factors

Human Ecology- The basic interaction between humans and their surrounding 

Infant mortality rate- number of children one year and below who succumb per every 1000 live births in a particular year   

Labeling theory- A method of classifying the deviant people in the society according to their character

McDonaldization- The alignment of organizations to the principles of bureaucratization 

Medical Model- Method by which medical professionals use in defining a disease, establish the control, treatment plan, and influence patient’s perceptions

 Mental illness- Condition that alters normal thinking, feelings, and social life

Morbidity rate- Rate of disease occurrence in a certain population

 Mortality rate- Rate of deaths in a certain population 

Sick role- How the society expects people to behave when sick 

Social epidemiology- Studies involving the disease progression, effects, and the health condition of a select population 

Stigma- A method of identifying certain individuals in a society especially due to their condition

Third Section 

Computer-Mediated Communication- Ability to community over a network by use of cell phones or computers 

Culture lag- A period of transformation of the non-physical ideas about culture and the new material conditions

Equilibrium model- An approach in which the society moves towards stability

Evolution Theory- A theory that describes the changes in the society and has a particular line of focus

False consciousness-Karl Marx explained it as perceptions of members of a societal class that does not align with their personal feelings and interpretations   

Luddites- Group of England workers who resisted industrial revolution in the 19th Century 

New Social Movement- A group of people who engage in activities of attempting to improve the quality of life 

Relative Deprivation- The differences in the rightful expectations to the present conditions as demonstrated through negative feeling by the people

Resource Mobilization- Methods used by the social movements to acquire resources to accomplish a particular goal  

Social change- The significant changes in behavioral patterns and the culture of a particular group

Social movement- An organized activity that seeks to effect or resist a change in a particular group or society  

Technology-The use of physical aspects of the environment to satisfy human needs and desires  

Transnational- A person who migrates to different nations and can adapt to the different social relationships 

Vested Interests- The people who are directly affected by social change and are at risk for continuing with the present conditions 

Sherry Roberts is the author of this paper. A senior editor at MeldaResearch.Com in assignment writing services if you need a similar paper you can place your order from essay writing services.